Two experiments, one on school-aged children and one on adults, explored the mechanisms underlying responses to an image prime followed by graspable objects that were, in certain cases, dangerous. Participants were presented with different primes and objects representing two risk levels . The task required that a natural/artifact categorization task be performed by pressing different keys. In both adults and children graspable objects activated a facilitating motor response, while dangerous objects evoked aversive affordances, generating an interference-effect. Both children and adults (...) were sensitive to the distinction between biological and non-biological hands, however detailed resonant mechanisms related to the hand-prime gender emerged only in adults. Implications for how the concept of “dangerous object” develops and the relationship between resonant mechanisms and perception of danger are discussed. (shrink)

Antropologia do espaço, de Filomena Silvano, é umlivro comvocaçãomarcadamente didáctica, mas que constitui uma notável síntese (deveríamos dizer ummapa?) de uma disciplina (a antropologia) que tem vindo a ganhar (pelos motivos que Jameson enunciava) uma.

The paper examines three examples of Saint Jerome’s contemporary reception. First, in Sous l’invocation de Saint Jérôme, the essay by the French writer and translator Valery Larbaud (1946), Jerome’s life is imagined as the large city of Hiéronymopolis where three itineraries are possible: one that is imaginary to Stridon, Rome, and Bethlehem; one that is iconographical through the paintings of Raffaello, Correggio, and Domenichino, and one that is literary through Jerome’s works, divided into many “city districts,” where an impressive bridge, (...) the Vulgata, connects Jerusalem to Rome. – In the eccentric novel Jérôme ou de la traduction by the French-Canadian writer Jean Marcel (1990), Hieronymus’s famous lion narrates the main episodes of the Saint’s life, especially regarding his translations. This is an existential metaphor for the passage from the ancient eastern world to early Christian Rome. – The poetic movie by the Brasilian director Júlio Bressane, São Jerônimo (1999), is not a biographical reconstruction of Jerome’s life, but rather a fresco, which consists of some moments of his life and some iconic symbols (the skull, the lion, the desert). (shrink)

This paper aims to evoke an alternative viewpoint on surrogacy, moving beyond popular Western feminist beliefs on the practice, by introducing the history and current context of East Asian surrogacy. To elaborate a different cultural perspective on surrogacy, this paper first introduces the East Asian history of contract pregnancy systems, prior to the emergence of the American invention of ‘modern’ surrogacy practice. Then, it examines Japanese mass media portrayals of cross‐border surrogacy in which white women have become ‘convenient’ entities. The (...) results of the analysis show how Japanese culture has adopted a rhetoric about the use of white women as convenient surrogate mothers in the global commercial surrogacy market. An essential aspect of surrogacy is the premise that a woman’s reproductive function should be accessible to others. Past discussions among feminists have neglected this important point. Moreover, they share the assumption that white surrogacy clients are exploiters, who take advantage of women of colour as surrogate mothers. The current situation in Asia flips this perspective—with white women regarded as easier targets for exploitation by wealthy people of colour. For Asian clients, Westerners can be easily regarded as ‘others’ whom they can use for their reproductive needs. In today's globalized era, the surrogacy industry is no longer for affluent Westerners only. Considering this change, it is crucial to discuss surrogacy issues by reconstructing feminist perspectives with a globalized view, to help protect women’s bodies, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, skin colour, or religion. (shrink)

Pautas de actuación letrada de los abogados y abogadas de las víctimas de violencia de género. Intervención del letrado o letrada de la víctima en el orden penal, desde el momento previo a la interposición de una denuncia por violencia de género, con solicitud de Orden de Protección, hasta la ejecución de la sentencia condenatoria. Intervención en el orden civil con el inicio de un procedimiento civil ante el Juzgado de Violencia Sobre la Mujer solicitando en su caso las medidas (...) paterno-filiales o la separación o el divorcio. Propuestas desde la Abogacía al Pacto de Estado en materia de violencia de género. Reformas legislativas previstas en respuesta al Pacto de Estado. (shrink)

This paper is an insight on a front-line doctor’s experience of Coronavirus in Italy, in an Internal Medicine ward transformed to a COVID-19 ward. Using content analysis were analyzed 52 destructurated interviews to “Covid clinicians” in the “Ospedale dei Castelli” hospital structure in Rome, Italy. Thematic analysis was performed to recognize common topics in the interviews. Finally, a correlation between the 5 Ovid’s forces and Narrative Medicine scenarios is described. Coronavirus is a “tsunami” by confrontation with the poet Ovid’s five (...) driving forces. Covid-19 never gave health-workers a chance to draw breath for a moment themselves, as presentation and treatment hypotheses changed at dizzying speed, constantly forcing them to modify and adapt established procedures and behavior as the pandemic evolved. Every scenarios present a correlation with at least one positive and one negative force. Many healthcare workers who came face-to-face with the magnitude of this emergency are able in some way to contextualize the social implications of this experience, which paradoxically has some positive aspects, having let them discover newfound courage, resourcefulness, and hope. Negative forces result from too strong positive emotions and they are a signal of deteriorated relationships and an alarm bell of clinician’s burn-out. Covid era has been defined by the lack of emergency preparedness, together with lack of international coordination and media reports generating terror. People can defeat Covid by combatting against terror of the heart, by finding passion and courage and by dealing honestly with the fear of disease and death. (shrink)

The use of robots had already been proven to encourage the promotion of social interaction and skills lacking in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, who typically have difficulties in recognizing facial expressions and emotions. The main goal of this research is to study the influence of a humanoid robot to develop socio-emotional skills in children with ASD. The children’s performance in game scenarios aiming to develop facial expressions recognition skills is presented. Along the sessions, children who performed the game scenarios (...) with the robot and the experimenter had a significantly better performance than the children who performed the game scenarios without the robot. The main conclusions of this research support that a humanoid robot is a useful tool to develop socio-emotional skills in the intervention of children with ASD, due to the engagement and positive learning outcome observed. (shrink)

The aim of this essay is to discuss Rorty’s sceptical view of knowledge as representation, particularly as expressed in his Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature and in Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity as a framework for a rereading of Poe’s poetics. Despite the differences in their historical context, this comparative approach discloses Rorty’s and Poe’s shared anti-representationalism, which subverts the accepted notions of the relationship between language and reference on the one hand, and between the world as referent and its (...) poetic representation on the other. (shrink)

1. Shuken to jiyū -- 2. Keimo, kaikaku, kakumei -- 3. Kindai no hen'yō -- 4. Kokka to shakai -- 5. Risei no ryōgisei.

Il fil rouge che lega le quattro sezioni del volume, che raccoglie le relazioni presentate al convegno internazionale Interactive Imagination (Roma, 6-8 giugno 2016), con l’aggiunta di contributi dei curatori e di studiosi che pure vi hanno partecipato, è la nozione di immaginazione, investigata da diverse prospettive teorico-filosofiche, correlata a quella di ambiente, anch’essa approfondita sotto diversi aspetti. Il tema mediale compare, talvolta esplicito talvolta in filigrana, con sfacce...

In this paper, we explore the conception of nature as a book in Francis Bacon. On the one hand, using this image and confronting the reading of the book of nature and the reading of the books of established authors, Bacon contrasts two completely different ways of the natural philosophy: the Interpretation of Nature in contrast to the Anticipation of the Mind. On the other hand, by considering the revealed book and the book of creatures, Bacon contends for the specificity (...) of the scientific investigation of nature and its relative autonomy in relation to the sphere of religion, although he indicates the character of continuity and complementation of the two books of the same authorship. (shrink)

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between collective rationality and permissible collective choice rules using a unified approach inspired by Bossert and Suzumura (J Econ Theory 138:311–320, 2008). We consider collective choice rules satisfying four axioms: unrestricted domain, strong Pareto, anonymity, and neutrality. A number of new classes of collective choice rules as well as the Pareto and Pareto extension rules are characterized under various concepts of collective rationality: acyclicity, transitivity, quasi-transitivity, semi-transitivity, and the interval order (...) property. Further, new concepts of collective rationality, K-term acyclicity and K-term consistency, are proposed and the corresponding characterizations are provided. (shrink)

Leibniz afirma que toda mônada expressa o universo inteiro de uma determinada perspectiva. A partir daí, todas os seres criados harmonizam-se entre si, já que todos representam o mesmo mundo, ao mesmo tempo em que cada um se individualiza por meio de seu ponto de vista próprio que • afirma o autor em alguns textos-chave • é determinado pelo lugar que o seu corpo correspondente ocupa. Entretanto, se a limitaçáo dos graus de distinçáo das representações se dá meramente por uma (...) analogia com o espaço e o tempo, como explicar a capacidade dos espíritos de atingir as verdades necessárias e eternas e de constituir uma ciência? A fim de elucidar esta sobrelevaçáo e destacamento dos espíritos em relaçáo aos demais seres criados, introduziremos a atividade da apercepçáo e sua diferença em relaçáo à percepçáo, atividade comum a todas as mônadas. (shrink)

Descartes concebe que a verdadeira ordem científica é a ordem das razões, na qual se parte das verdades mais fáceis e evidentes em direção às mais difíceis e complexas. Assim, estabelecese uma ordem única, progressiva e irreversível, onde cada membro da cadeia depende daqueles que o antecederam, de modo que cada tese possui um lugar não-intercambiável dentro da doutrina. Leibniz, ao contrário, defende que “[...] uma mesma verdade pode ter vários lugares, conforme as diferentes relações que pode possuir” (Novos Ensaios, (...) IV, XXI, § 4). A fim de evitar as repetições, reunindo-se o máximo de verdades no mínimo de volumes, o autor propõe que a melhor ordem científica é a disposição sistemática das matérias, que consiste em uma organização do saber na qual cada lugar reenvia a outros, tornando clara a conexão entre os conhecimentos. Em contraposição ao modelo de sistema cartesiano, no modelo leibniziano, as teses se fundamentam mutuamente e a ordem das verdades estabelecidas é reversível. Ora, é devido a essas diferenças na concepção de sistema que Leibniz, ao contrário de Descartes, pode pretender tomar o que há de melhor nos sistemas legados pela tradição para constituir o seu próprio sistema, já que para ele há uma certa maleabilidade na constituição do sistema filosófico. (shrink)

Descartes thinks that the true scientific order is that of reasons, in which one starts from the easiest and most evident truths and moves towards those that are more difficult and complex. Thus a unique, progressive, and irreversible order is established, where each member of the chain depends on those that precede it, and each thesis has a non-interchangeable place inside the doctrine. Leibniz, on the contrary, defends the idea that "une même vérité peut avoir beaucoup des places selon les (...) differents rapports qu'elle peut avoir" . In order to avoid repetition, assembling the greatest quantity of truths in a minimum of volumes, Leibniz argues that the best scientific order is a systematic disposition in which each place refers to all the others, so that the connections among knowledge becomes clear. In opposition to the Cartesian model of system, in the Leibnizian model theses are based upon one another, and the order of truths is reversible. It is due to these differences concerning the conception of system that Leibniz, unlike Descartes, can pretend to take the best of each philosophical system in order to constitute his own, given that for him there is a certain malleability in the construction of a philosophical system.Descartes concebe que a verdadeira ordem científica é a ordem das razões, na qual se parte das verdades mais fáceis e evidentes em direção às mais difíceis e complexas. Assim, estabelece-se uma ordem única, progressiva e irreversível, onde cada membro da cadeia depende daqueles que o antecederam, de modo que cada tese possui um lugar não-intercambiável dentro da doutrina. Leibniz, ao contrário, defende que "[...] uma mesma verdade pode ter vários lugares, conforme as diferentes relações que pode possuir" . A fim de evitar as repetições, reunindo-se o máximo de verdades no mínimo de volumes, o autor propõe que a melhor ordem científica é a disposição sistemática das matérias, que consiste em uma organização do saber na qual cada lugar reenvia a outros, tornando clara a conexão entre os conhecimentos. Em contraposição ao modelo de sistema cartesiano, no modelo leibniziano, as teses se fundamentam mutuamente e a ordem das verdades estabelecidas é reversível. Ora, é devido a essas diferenças na concepção de sistema que Leibniz, ao contrário de Descartes, pode pretender tomar o que há de melhor nos sistemas legados pela tradição para constituir o seu próprio sistema, já que para ele há uma certa maleabilidade na constituição do sistema filosófico. (shrink)